Sikhism, or known in Punjabi as Sikhi,
ˈ s iːk ɨz əm/ or /ˈ s ɪk ɨz əm/ ; Punjabi : ਸਿੱਖੀ, sikkhī,
IPA: [ˈsɪkːʰiː] ) is a monotheistic religion founded
during the 15th century in the Punjab region of
the Indian subcontinent, by Guru Nanak[3] and
continued to progress through the ten
successive Sikh gurus (the eleventh and last
guru being the holy scripture Guru Granth Sahib .
The Guru Granth Sahib is a collection of the Sikh
Gurus' writings that was compiled by the 5th
Sikh Guru). It is the fifth-largest organized
religion in the world, with approximately 30
million adherents.[4][5] Punjab, India is the only
state in the world with a majority Sikh
population.
Adherents of Sikhism are known as Sikhs
( students or disciples ). According to Devinder
Singh Chahal, "The word 'Sikhi' (commonly
known as Gurmat ) gave rise to the modern
anglicized word 'Sikhism' for the modern
world." [6] Gurmat means literally 'wisdom of the
Guru' in contrast to Manmat, which means self-
willed impulses. [7]
According to Sewa Singh Kalsi, "The central
teaching in Sikhism is the belief in the concept of
the oneness of God." [8] Sikhism considers
spiritual life and secular life to be intertwined. [9]
Guru Nanak, the first Sikh Guru established the
system of the Langar (communal kitchen), in
order to demonstrate the need to share and have
equality between all people.
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